Isikhokelo esiBanzi sokuKhetha iishawari zeMichiza

Kwiindawo ezinobungozi, ukukhetha ishawa yemichiza efanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko. Kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo iishawari ezingxamisekileyo kunye nezikhululo zokuhlambela amehlo njengee-backups ezibalulekileyo. Nokuba kukho ulawulo lobunjineli olugqwesileyo,utyhileko olungalindelekanga lusengenzeka. Ezi mvula zinceda ukunciphisa iziphumo zokuvezwa kweekhemikhali. Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho engundoqo kuqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo xa kuyimfuneko. II-ANSI Z358.1umgangatho, umzekelo, unika izikhokelo malunga nokusebenza kweshawa kaxakeka. Ngokuthobela le migangatho, uyazikhusela wena kunye noogxa bakho kwingozi enokubakho. Ukubeka phambili ukhuseleko ngokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekugcineni indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.

Ukuqonda Imilinganiselo Efanelekileyo

Isishwankathelo se-ANSI Z358.1

Xa ukhetha iishawari zeekhemikhali, kufuneka uziqondeI-ANSI Z358.1umgangatho. Esi sikhokeloilawula ukusebenzakunye nokugcinwa kweeshawari ezingxamisekileyo kunye nezikhululo zokuhlamba amehlo. Iqinisekisa ukuba ezi zibonelelo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka. Umgangatho ubandakanya imiba emininzi ebalulekileyo:

Ukuhlohla: Ufakelo olufanelekileyo lubalulekile ukuze isixhobo sisebenze ngokuchanekileyo. Umgangatho unikeza imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga nendlela yokufakela iishawa ezingxamisekileyo kunye nezikhululo zamehlo.
Ubushushu baManzi: Ukugcina ubushushu bamanzi obufanelekileyo kubalulekile. Umgangatho uchaza uluhlu olucetyiswayo lokuthintela ukulimala ngakumbi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Ukuhamba kwamanzi: Ukuhamba kwamanzi okwaneleyo kuyimfuneko ukuze kususwe ukungcola okusebenzayo. Umgangatho uchaza awona maqondo asezantsi okuqukuqela afunekayo kuzo zombini iiyunithi zemibhobho yamanzi kunye neeyunithi eziphathwayo.

Ngokuthobela ezi zikhokelo, uyaqinisekisa ukuba indawo osebenza kuyo ithobela imigangatho yokhuseleko. Oku kuthobelaikhusela abasebenzi abavezwayokwizinto ezinobungozi ezifana ne-formaldehyde, i-sulfuric acid, kunye ne-sodium hydroxide.

Eminye iMigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neMimiselo

Ngaphandle kwe-ANSI Z358.1, eminye imigangatho kunye nemimiselo nayo idlala indima ekukhetheni imvula yeekhemikhali. Ezi ziquka:

Iimfuno ze-OSHA: ICandelo loKhuseleko eMsebenzini kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilougunyazisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyoukumanzisa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukugungxulwa kwamehlo nomzimba. Le mfuneko iqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza okungxamisekileyo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza.
IMigangatho yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe: Uninzi lwemibutho karhulumente yezempilo nokhuseleko yamkela i-ANSI Z358.1. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqwalasele imigangatho yasekhaya neyehlabathi enokuthi isebenze kwishishini lakho elithile okanye ummandla.
IiProthokholi zoVavanyo kunye noLondolozo: Uvavanyo rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kubalulekile. Umgangatho ubandakanyaimiyalelo yokuvavanya ukuhamba kwamanzi, ubude beyunithi, kunye nokusebenza kwevalvu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zithintelo kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile kukhuseleko.

Ukuqonda le migangatho kukunceda wenze izigqibo ezizizo xa ukhetha izixhobo ezingxamisekileyo. Ngokwenza oko, ubeka phambili ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwindawo yakho yokusebenza.

Iingqwalasela eziphambili zeNdawo yesiXhobo kunye nokuFikelela

Ukumisela iindawo ezifanelekileyo

Ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo yeeshawa zemichiza kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwazo. Kufuneka uvavanye indawo osebenza kuyo ngocoselelo ukuchonga iingozi ezinokubakho. Olu vavanyo lukunceda ukuba ubone apho iishawa ezingxamisekileyo zifuneka khona. Qwalasela iindawo apho kunokwenzeka ukuba sesichengeni sekhemikhali, njengendawo yokugcina okanye yokuphatha.

Ukubonakala kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni indawo. Qinisekisa ukuba iishawara zibonakala lula kwaye ziphawulwe ngemiqondiso ecacileyo. Oku kubonakala kuvumela ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza ngexesha likaxakeka. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona uqwalasele ukuba kufutshane kwizikhululo zokusebenza. Ukusondela kweshawa, ngokukhawuleza ixesha lokuphendula xa kukho isiganeko.

Ukongeza, vavanya ubume bendawo yakho. Kuphephe ukubeka iishawari kwiindawo ezinemiqobo okanye imiqobo. Le miqobo inokulibazisa ukufikelela ngamaxesha anzima. Ngokubeka ishawa ngobuchule, uphucula ukhuseleko kwaye uqinisekisa amaxesha okuphendula akhawulezayo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuFikelela kubo bonke abasebenzisi

Ukufikeleleka yinto ephambili ekukhetheni iishawa zekhemikhali. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba bonke abasebenzi banokusebenzisa izixhobo, nokuba bangakanani na. Cinga ngobude kunye nokufikelela kolawulo lweshawari. Kufuneka kube lula ukufikelela kubasebenzisi bobude obahlukeneyo.

Indlela eya kwishawa kufuneka icace kwaye ingabikho. Oku kucaca kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwishawa ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kwesithintelo. Kufuneka kwakhona uqwalasele iimfuno zabantu abakhubazekileyo. Faka iishawa ezithobela imigangatho ye-ADA (AbaseMelika abakhubazekileyo) ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Vavanya rhoqo ukufikeleleka kweeshawari zakho. Yenza uqheliselo lokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abasebenzi bayayazi indlela yokufikelela nokusebenzisa izixhobo. Ngokubeka phambili ukufikeleleka, udala indawo ekhuselekileyo kuye wonke umntu okwindawo yakho yokusebenza.

IiMfuno ezineenkcukacha zoBubushushu baManzi kunye nokuHamba

Ubushushu baManzi obucetyiswayo

Xa ukhetha iishawari zeekhemikhali, kufuneka ubeke phambili ubushushu bamanzi. II-ANSI Z358.1umgangatho uxela ukuba amanzi kufuneka abephakathi kwe-60°F kunye ne-100°F(16°C kunye ne-38°C). Olu luhlu luqinisekisa ukuchithwa okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokubangela ingozi kwesikhumba okanye amehlo. Amanzi abandayo kakhulu angakhokelela kwi-hypothermia, ngelixa amanzi ashushu kakhulu anokubangela ukutshisa okanye ukulimala okongeziweyo.

Ukugcina obu bushushu bufanelekileyo, cinga ukufaka ivalve yokuxuba i-thermostatic. Esi sixhobo sinceda ukulawula ubushushu bamanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba luhlala ngaphakathi koluhlu olucetyiswayo. Jonga rhoqo kwaye ulungelelanise ezi valves ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo. Ngokwenza njalo, unikezela indawo ekhuselekileyo kuye nabani na onokufuna ukusebenzisa ishawa engxamisekileyo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuHamba kwamanzi okwaneleyo

Ukuhamba kwamanzi okwaneleyo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kweeshawa ngemichiza. Ngoku kaI-ANSI Z358.1, iishawa ezingxamisekileyo kufuneka zinikezele ngesantya esisezantsi sokuqukuqelaIilitha ezingama-20 ngomzuzu (Iilitha ezingama-75.7ngomzuzu) ubuncinaneImizuzu eli-15. Lo mlinganiselo wokuqukuqela uqinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa ngokucokisekileyo ngokukhupha izinto eziyingozi emzimbeni.

Ukufezekisa le nqanaba lokuhamba, qinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yakho ye-plumbing inokuxhasa uxinzelelo olufunekayo kunye nomthamo. Zihlole rhoqo iintloko zeeshawara kunye nemibhobho ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukuvaleka okanye ukuvuza okunokuthi kuthintele ukuhamba kwamanzi. Yenza iimvavanyo zesiqhelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iishawara ziyayifezekisa imigangatho yezinga lokuqukuqela elifunekayo.

Ngokugcina ubushushu bamanzi obuchanekileyo kunye nokuhamba, uphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweeshawa zakho zeekhemikhali. Le ngqalelo kwiinkcukacha iqinisekisa ukuba indawo yakho yokusebenza ihlala ihambelana nemigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluphezulu kubo bonke abasebenzi.

Ukuthelekiswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeSixhobo seShower yeMichiza

Xa ukhetha ishawari yeekhemikhali, uneendlela ezimbini eziphambili:iishawari ezinemibhobho yamanzikwayeiishawa eziphathekayo. Uhlobo ngalunye lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezizodwa kunye neengqwalasela, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho ezithile kunye nendawo yokusebenza.

Iishawari ezinemibhobho

Iishawa ezinamapayipi ziyinto esisigxina kwiindawo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso. Badibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kumthombo wamanzi wesakhiwo, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi okuqhubekayo. Olu cwangciso lubenza balungele iindawo apho ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali kuxhaphakile kwaye kuqikelelwa. Ungafakela iishawa ezinemibhobho yamanzi ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, ngokuxhomekeke kubume bendawo yakho. Iinketho ziquka udonga oluxhonywe eludongeni, i-ceiling-mounted, okanye imodeli yomgangatho okhululekileyo.

Izinto eziluncedo zeeshawara ezinePlumbed:

Ubonelelo lwamanzi oluqhubekayo: Iishawa ezinemibhobho yamanzi zibonelela ngokuqukuqela kwamanzi okungaphazamisekiyo, okubalulekileyo ekupheliseni ungcoliseko olusebenzayo.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zoFakelo: Unokukhetha kwiimodeli ezifakwe eludongeni, ezifakwe eludongeni, okanye ezizimeleyo ukuze zilungele indawo yakho.
Ukuqina: Ezi mvula zakhiwe ukuze zimelane nemekobume yemizi-mveliso enzima, enikezela ngokuthembeka kwexesha elide.

Nangona kunjalo, iishawara ezinemibhobho yamanzi zifuna indawo esisigxina, enokuthi ingafaneleki kuzo zonke iindawo zokusebenza. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba inkqubo yemibhobho inokuxhasa uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluyimfuneko kunye nesantya sokuhamba. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile ukukhusela imiqobo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko.

Iishawari eziphathwayo

Iishawa eziphathwayo zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kunye nokushukumiseka, kubenza babe lolona khetho lubalaseleyoiindawo zemisebenzi ezikude okanye zexeshana. Ezi yunithi zihlala ziza kunye nonikezelo lwamanzi aselwayo, okukuvumela ukuba uwathuthe ngokulula. Umzekelo, aIshawa yoKhuseleko ephathwayokunye aUmthamo we-528-galloninokutsalwa ngasemva kwesithuthi, inike impendulo kaxakeka naphi na apho ifuneka khona.

Izinto eziluncedo zeeshawari eziphathwayo:

Ukuba bhetyebhetye: Ungahambisa iishawari eziphathwayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo njengoko kufuneka, uziqhelanisa nokutshintsha iimeko zokusebenza.
UkuLula kwezoThutho: Iiyunithi ezininzi eziphathekayo zenzelwe ukuthutha lula, ukuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
Ubonelelo lwaManzi oluZiqulathileyo: Ezi mvula zidla ngokuquka amanzi azo, nto leyo ephelisa imfuneko yoqhagamshelo lwemibhobho esisigxina.

Iishawa eziphathwayo ziluncedo ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezingaphandle okanye ezikude apho iinketho zemibhobho yamanzi zingenakwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ujonge rhoqo unikezelo lwamanzi kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iyunithi iyahlangabezana nezinga lokuhamba elifunekayo kunye nemigangatho yobushushu.

Ukubaluleka koQeqesho kunye noLondolozo

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo zakho zeshawa yemichiza kufuna ukuzibophelela kuqeqesho nokugcinwa rhoqo rhoqo. Ezi zenzo aziphuculi ukhuseleko kuphela kodwa zikwaqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho efanelekileyo.

Uqeqesho lwarhoqo lwaBasebenzi

Uqeqesho ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni abasebenzi ukuba baphendule ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha likaxakeka. Kuya kufuneka uqhube iiseshoni zoqeqesho rhoqo ukuze uqhelane neqela lakho ngokusebenza kweeshawa zemichiza. Olu qeqesho kufuneka luquka:

Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo: Fundisa abasebenzi indlela yokuvula nokusebenzisa ishawa yemichiza ngokuchanekileyo. Gxininisa ukubaluleka kokuthathwa kwenyathelo elikhawulezileyo kwimeko yokubhenceka.
Iinkqubo eziNgxamisekileyo: Chaza amanyathelo omawawathathe emva kokusebenzisa ishawara, njengokufuna unyango kunye nokuxela isiganeko eso.
Ukwazisa ngeNdawo: Qinisekisa ukuba bonke abasebenzi bayazazi iindawo zeshawa yemichiza ngaphakathi kwiziko. Ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kunokunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yokuvezwa kweekhemikhali.

Uqeqesho oluthe gqolo lomeleza ezi zifundo kwaye lwakha ukuzithemba ekusebenziseni izixhobo. Ngokubeka phambili uqeqesho, uxhobisa abasebenzi bakho ukuba benze ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo kwiimeko zikaxakeka.

ULondolozo lweMigaqo kunye noHlolo

Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kubalulekile ekugcineni iishawari zekhemikhali zikwimeko efanelekileyo yokusebenza. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunceda ukuchonga imiba enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba ibe yingozi. Ngokutsho kweengcali zokhuseleko, “Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kweeshawari zokhuselekokunye nezikhululo zokuhlamba amehlo zinceda ukuphepha ukusilela kwezixhobo kwiimeko zongxamiseko kwaye zigcine iindawo zokusebenza zihambelana neemfuno zokhuseleko.

Ukugcina izixhobo zakho, qwalasela la manyathelo alandelayo:

Uhlolo olucwangcisiweyo: Yenza uhlolo ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo ukuvavanya imeko yeeshawari. Jonga ukuvaleka, ukuvuza, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu zokuguga nokukrazuka.
Ukugcinwa kweeRekhodi: Gcina iirekhodi ezineenkcukacha zalo lonke uhlolo kunye nemisebenzi yogcino. Ezi rekhodi ziyancedaukulandelela iimfuno zogcinokwaye iqaqambise imiba efanele ilungiswe ngaphambi kokuba ikhokelele kwiingxaki ezinkulu.
IiProtocol zokuvavanya: Sebenzisa iiprothokholi zokuvavanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba iishawara ziyahlangabezana nezinga lokuqukuqela elifunekayo kunye nemigangatho yobushushu. Uvavanyo lwarhoqo luqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngokuchanekileyo xa kuyimfuneko.

Ngokuthobela ishedyuli engqongqo yokugcina, uqinisekisa ukuba iishawari zakho zeekhemikhali zihlala zithembekile kwaye zisebenza. Le ndlela yokuthatha inyathelo inciphisa umngcipheko wokusilela kwesixhobo kwaye yongeza ukhuseleko emsebenzini.

Ukukhetha ishawa yeekhemikhali efanelekileyo kubalulekile kukhuseleko emsebenzini. Kuya kufuneka ugxile kumanqaku aphambili afana nemigangatho yokuqonda, ukukhetha iindawo ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikeleleka. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nokhuseleko, landela ezi ngcebiso:

Namathela kwiMigangatho: Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zakho zidibana ne-ANSI Z358.1 kunye neminye imimiselo efanelekileyo.
Uqeqesho rhoqo: Qhuba iiseshoni zoqeqesho rhoqo ukuqhelanisa abasebenzi neenkqubo zikaxakeka.
Ugcino Lwesiqhelo: Cwangcisa uhlolo kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo ukugcina izixhobo zikwimeko ephezulu.

Ngokubeka phambili le miba, udala imeko-bume ekhuselekileyo kwaye uphucule ukulungela unxunguphalo.